Angina is chest pain or discomfort caused when your heart muscle doesn't get enough
oxygen-rich blood. The symptoms are pressure, tightness, or heaviness in your chest. It can
be sudden or recur over time. Nitroglycerin may prevent and relieve chest pain by widening
blood vessels and improving the supply of blood and oxygen to your heart.
Highlights
The effect of Nitroglycerin is very quick and can be observed within an hour of taking it
orally. The onset of action for each preparation is 1 to 3 minutes.
The duration of action of Nitroglycerin is from 8 to 12 hours.
How it works
Nitroglycerin (Glyceryl Trinitrate) is a vasodilator (a medicine that widens your blood vessels)
that relaxes your blood vessels and helps in controlling blood pressure. It also lowers the amount
of oxygen required by your heart. Thus, it reduces the workload on your heart and prevents attacks
of angina (chest pain).
General instructions
Take this medicine exactly as advised by your doctor. Do not take Glyceryl trinitrate in a higher
dosage than the dose advised as it can lead to complications. If you experience any side effects,
consult your doctor immediately. You should not stop taking medicine abruptly as it can cause
withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, it is important to complete the treatment course. It is advisable to
take plenty of water with it to avoid gastric problems. You should not crush or chew it as it can
reduce its effectiveness.
Missed dose
If you have missed the dose of this medicine at a given time, then take it as soon as you
remember. If it is almost the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double your dose
to make up for the missed dose.
Overdose
If you have intentionally or accidentally consumed more than the prescribed amount then you might
feel headache, confusion, fever, change in the heartbeat, nausea, vomiting, etc. Contact your doctor
immediately for further guidance.
Safety Information.
Side effects
Headache
Dizziness
Weakness
Vomiting
Spinning sensation
Lack of energy
Heartburn
Restlessness
Increased heartbeat
When not to use?
Allergy. Avoid taking Nitroglycerin if you are allergic to it. Allergic reactions are
rare; however, contact a doctor immediately if you experience symptoms like rashes,
itching/swelling (particularly of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, and breathing
difficulty, etc.
Anemia. Anemia is a condition in which your blood does not have enough healthy red blood
cells. Do not take Nitroglycerin if you are anemic or have low levels of hemoglobin in your
blood, as large doses of glyceryl trinitrate could worsen your condition.
Glaucoma. Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve (a nerve
responsible for good vision), caused by abnormally high pressure in your eye. This can lead
to blindness. Nitroglycerin is not recommended for use if you have glaucoma as this medicine
may also increase pressure inside your eyes.
Increased intracranial pressure. Intracranial pressure is the pressure within the skull
that is exerted by fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the skull and on the
brain tissue. This pressure change usually happens because of any kind of trauma to the
skull and brain tissue. Nitroglycerin is not recommended if you have any condition in which
the intracranial pressure is elevated, as this medicine can worsen your condition.
Medicine for erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction occurs when a man cannot get or
keep an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse. Nitroglycerin is not recommended for
use if you are taking medicines for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Pericarditis. Pericarditis is a swelling and irritation in the pericardium (the thin
sac-like membrane that surrounds your heart). Nitroglycerin is not recommended if you have
pericarditis. This medicine may lower your cardiac output (the amount of blood your heart
pumps each minute) which can further worsen your condition.
Interaction with alcohol
Do not consume alcohol if you are on treatment with Nitroglycerin. Alcohol may increase the risk
of major side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, difficulty concentrating, breathing difficulties,
etc.
Interaction with medicine
Prilocaine
Riociguat
Dihydroergotamine
Amitriptyline
Sildenafil
Amlodipine
Disease interactions
Hypotension
Hypotension refers to low blood pressure. Nitroglycerin should be used with extreme
caution if you have low blood pressure (<90 mm Hg). This medication may further lower
your blood pressure and can worsen your condition.
Warnings
Other diseases. If you have/had any other diseases of heart, lung, thyroid, kidney, liver,
etc., inform your doctor before taking Nitroglycerin. This medicine can interact with the
existing disease which may worsen your condition.
Driving or using heavy machinery. The use of Nitroglycerin can cause drowsiness and affect
your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. You should avoid such activities as long
as you are taking this medicine.
Withdrawal symptoms. Nitroglycerin should not be discontinued abruptly without consulting
your doctor, as you can face withdrawal symptoms like anxiety, fatigue, sweating, vomiting,
depression, seizures, and hallucinations.
Chest pain due to other reasons. Do not use Nitroglycerin to treat chest pain associated
with other causes like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (enlarged heart muscles). The condition
may worsen if you use this medicine.
Nitrate tolerance. If you take Nitroglycerin regularly will increase your tolerance (when
you no longer respond to the medicine in the way you did at the start of the treatment)
levels to this medicine. You should maintain a gap of at least 12 hours between your doses.
Methemoglobinemia. The use of Nitroglycerin may affect your red blood cells and cause
changes in the hemoglobin resulting in hypoxia (low oxygen reaching the tissues). Symptoms
are blue-colored skin, headache, fatigue, lack of energy, etc. Your doctor may discontinue
the use of this medicine if you experience any such signs and symptoms.
Malnutrition. Nitroglycerin should be avoided if you are malnourished (lack of sufficient
nutrients in your body).
Pregnancy. It is recommended that you consult your doctor before taking Nitroglycerin if
you are pregnant.
Breastfeeding. It is recommended not to take Nitroglycerin as it is unknown if the
medicine passes into your breastmilk. You should consult your doctor before using this
medicine to understand all risks and benefits.
F.A.Q.
Q: Is it safe to consume alcohol while taking this medicine?
A: Do not consume alcohol if you are on treatment with Nitroglycerin. Alcohol may increase the
risk of major side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, difficulty concentrating, breathing
difficulties, etc.
Q: Is this a habit-forming medicine?
A: No habit-forming tendencies were reported for Nitroglycerin.
Q: Can this medicine be taken during pregnancy?
A: It is recommended that you consult your doctor before taking Nitroglycerin if you are
pregnant.
Q: Can this medicine be taken while breastfeeding?
A: It is recommended not to take Nitroglycerin as it is unknown if the medicine passes into your
breastmilk. You should consult your doctor before using this medicine to understand all risks and
benefits.
See Also.
Adalat
Nifedipine
Adalat is used to treat high blood pressure and other heart complications. The medicine should be taken in
conjunction with a proper diet and regular exercise. It is also used in managing chest pain.
Zestoretic
Hydrochlorothiazide
Zestoretic is a combination medication indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It lowers blood
pressure, thereby decreasing the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and
myocardial infarctions.
Coreg
Carvedilol
Coreg is indicated for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. It is also used after a heart
attack that has caused your heart not to pump as well.
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