Health Library
New U.S. Dietary Guidelines: Limit Sugar and Salt, Boost Fruit and Veggie Intake THURSDAY, Jan. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Americans need to cut back on added sugars, saturated fats and salt if they want to eat a diet that can improve their health, according to the federal government's latest version of its Dietary Guidelines. The guidelines, released Thursday, break new ground by specifically recommending that people limit added sugars to fewer than 10 percent of their daily calories. The last version...
New Imaging Technique 'Lights Up' Cancer Cells in Early Trial THURSDAY, Jan. 7, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- A new imaging technique that "lights up" cancer cells may eventually help surgeons remove all of a cancer the first time, according to a preliminary study. "When a patient has cancer, the surgeon tries to find the tumor and cut it out," explained study senior author Dr. David Kirsch, a professor in the department of pharmacology and cancer biology, and the department of radiation oncology at Duke Uni...
No Link Between 'the Pill' and Birth Defects: Study WEDNESDAY, Jan. 6, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Becoming pregnant while taking birth control pills doesn't seem to increase the risk of birth defects, a new study suggests. Researchers found similar rates of birth defects -- about 25 infants out of 1,000 -- among women who never used birth control pills and those who took them before pregnancy or took them before realizing they were pregnant. "Women who become pregnant either soon after stopping oral contr...
New School Lunch Program Lets Kids Select More Nutritious Meals MONDAY, Jan. 4, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Move over, mystery meat -- students are choosing more nutritious school lunches under the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act, new research suggests. "We found that the implementation of the new meal standards was associated with the improved nutritional quality of meals selected by students," according to study author Donna Johnson, from the University of Washington's Nutritional Sciences Program. "These c...
Newer Blood Pressure Drugs as Good as Older Ones: Study MONDAY, Jan. 4, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Newer blood pressure drugs are as safe and effective as older medications, new research suggests. Scientists at the NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City said their findings settle a longstanding debate about which of two types blood-pressure lowering medications studied are better. An analysis of 106 randomized trials involving more than 250,000 patients examined the effects of newer angiotensin recep...
Need to Boost Your Memory? Then Get Your Zzzz's THURSDAY, Dec. 31, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A good night's sleep can help you remember new faces and names, researchers report. The researchers showed 20 photos of faces with matching names to 14 volunteers in their 20s. Twelve hours later, participants were shown the photos again and asked if the faces and names matched. The test was done twice -- once after the participants had slept for up to eight hours and once with a period of regular day activities ...
New Rules for Mammograms, Tanning Beds Top Health News of 2015 MONDAY, Dec. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- While no one health story dominated in 2015, the year did mark some milestones and important trends, with news in cancer screening and prevention topping the list. In October, the American Cancer Society revised its influential guidelines on breast cancer screening -- moving the suggested start age for annual mammograms from 40 to 45. After age 54, women can also decide to reduce screening to once ev...
New Drug for Severe Form of Arthritis Shows Promise in Trial WEDNESDAY, Dec. 23, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A drug recently approved for the skin condition psoriasis may also help people with a debilitating form of arthritis that attacks the spine, a new clinical trial finds. The condition, called ankylosing spondylitis, causes inflammation around the vertebrae, which can lead to chronic pain and stiffness in the back and neck -- and, in some people, eventually cause some vertebrae to fuse into an immobil...
Noisy Electronic Toys May Hamper Babies' Verbal Skills WEDNESDAY, Dec. 23, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- As parents scramble to find the perfect gifts for their children this Christmas, new research suggests that electronic toys that light up, talk or play music might slow language development in toddlers. These pricey toys may seem ideal for developing minds, but researchers at Northern Arizona University said they found just the opposite: when toys talk and sing, babies don't. "These results provide a basi...
New HIV Treatment Shows Promise in Early Research WEDNESDAY, Dec. 23, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Preliminary new research raises the prospect that a recently discovered antibody -- an important component of the immune system -- could be enlisted to boost the body's response to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. A single injection of the antibody, currently dubbed VRC01, dramatically reduced the level of HIV in the blood of people who hadn't yet been given antiretroviral drug treatment (ART). ART is the curr...
Night-Shift Workers May Be Prone to Car Crashes TUESDAY, Dec. 22, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- In a study of 16 night-shift workers, more than one-third were involved in near crashes while participating in a test drive after work, researchers report. The same drivers experienced zero near-crashes after sleeping sufficient amounts the night before the same test drive, according to the study, published online Dec. 21 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . "What is unique about this study is ...
New Device Approved for Fecal Incontinence FRIDAY, Dec. 18, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- The Fenix Continence Restoration System has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat an inability to control bowel movements for people who can't tolerate or use other approved methods. The inability to control the bowels, medically called fecal incontinence, is most often caused by muscle damage from vaginal childbirth or from certain medical disorders such as diabetes, the agency said Friday in ...
Nasal Spray May Give Diabetics Faster Treatment for Low Blood Sugar FRIDAY, Dec. 18, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A new nasal spray might make rescue care easier for diabetics who are woozy or even unconscious due to severe low blood sugar, a new clinical trial suggests. The nasal spray contains powdered glucagon, a hormone that causes a prompt increase in blood sugar levels. The trial results showed that the nasal spray is nearly as effective in treating hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) as the only option cu...
Negative News on Statins Tied to Dropped Prescriptions WEDNESDAY, Dec. 2, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- News reports on the downsides of statins may push some people to stop taking the cholesterol-lowering drugs, a new study hints. The findings, published Dec. 2 in the European Heart Journal , cannot prove that media stories drive statin users to give up their prescriptions. Instead, Danish researchers found a broad correlation between "negative" media coverage and people's odds of quitting a statin within s...
New Drug May Help Fight Heart Failure WEDNESDAY, Dec. 2, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Millions of aging Americans suffer from heart failure, and there are still too few options to treat them. Now, research suggests that a new medication called Entresto might help these patients live longer. The study did not involve a clinical trial. Instead, researchers analyzed data from nearly 8,400 heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction, where a weakened heart loses some of its ability to pump blood. A te...
New Diabetes Cases Among Americans Drop for First Time in Decades: CDC TUESDAY, Dec. 1, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- In a sign that Americans may finally be turning the corner in the fight against diabetes -- and possibly obesity -- federal health statistics released Tuesday show that the number of new cases of diabetes has dropped for the first time in decades. The decline wasn't sudden or dramatic. But, the number of new diabetes cases went from 1.7 million in 2009 to 1.4 million in 2014, according to the...
New Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes Shows Early Promise WEDNESDAY, Nov. 25, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A new form of treatment for type 1 diabetes that's based on the immune system appears safe for patients in an early trial. However, only a larger trial will show if the treatment -- which uses immune cells called regulatory T cells (Tregs) -- is effective against the illness, researchers said. If the therapy does work out, it "could be a game-changer," study first author Jeffrey Bluestone, a professor of m...
New 'Collar' Aims to Help Shield Brain From Concussion FRIDAY, Nov. 20, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A new type a lightweight and pressurized neck collar may help prevent mild concussions during sports, according to the developers of the device. The collar, which weighs four to five ounces -- is designed to exert a minimal amount of continual pressure on the large neck veins that carry blood from the heart to the head, and back again. That slight pressure, which is similar to the pressure of a tie knot, tri...
Ninlaro Approved for Multiple Myeloma FRIDAY, Nov. 20, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Ninlaro (ixazomib), in combination with two other drugs, has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat people with multiple myeloma who have had at least one prior treatment with a different therapy. Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that forms in infection-fighting white blood cells produced in bone marrow. Symptoms include a weakened immune system and bone and kidney problems. Ninlaro, from a class...
Narcan Nasal Spray Approved to Counter Narcotic Painkiller Overdose THURSDAY, Nov. 19, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Narcan (naloxone hydrochloride) nasal spray has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to stop or reverse an overdose of opioids, a class of narcotic drugs that includes the prescription medication oxycodone (Oxycontin) and the illicit drug heroin. Symptoms of overdose with these drugs could include shallow breathing and difficulty waking a person. Drug overdoses have surpassed...
New Medicare Rules Triple Heart Failure Patients' Access to Cardiac Rehab WEDNESDAY, Nov. 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Newly expanded Medicare and Medicaid coverage for cardiac rehabilitation has tripled the number of heart failure patients with access to these lifesaving programs, a new study has found. But coverage could stand to be even further expanded, the researchers concluded. "There are a lot of new patients eligible, but we left out this whole huge bucket of patients," said lead researcher Dr. ...
Newborn Probiotic Use Tied to Lower Risk of Type 1 Diabetes WEDNESDAY, Nov. 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Adding probiotics -- good bacteria -- to an infant's feedings in the first month of life may reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes for those genetically predisposed to getting the disease, new research suggests. Supplementing with probiotics later in infancy didn't seem to confer the same benefit, the researchers noted. "Early probiotic exposure during the first 27 days is associated with a decreased ri...
New Guidelines Focus on Pulmonary Hypertension in Kids TUESDAY, Nov. 3, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- The first guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension in children have been released by the American Heart Association and the American Thoracic Society. Pulmonary hypertension is a sometimes fatal heart and lung disease that affects nearly two of every 1,000 babies born each year. Children with the condition have blockages in the blood vessels of their lungs, making it harder for the he...
New Advisory Says Some Athletes With Heart Conditions OK to Play MONDAY, Nov. 2, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Some people with a potentially deadly type of irregular heartbeat may be able to play competitive sports, new guidelines say. The scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology pointed out that recent research indicates the risk of sudden cardiac arrest is lower than previously thought for some athletes with irregular heartbeat caused by long QT syndr...
Newborns Vulnerable to Common Staph Infections: Study MONDAY, Oct. 19, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Bloodstream infections in newborns are rare, but when they occur, normal staph infections are just as dangerous as antibiotic-resistant ones, a new study finds. "Just because a bug responds well to antibiotics doesn't mean it's any less deadly," senior investigator Dr. Aaron Milstone, an infectious disease specialist at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore, said in a Hopkins news release. "If not ...
Not All Large Breast Tumors Warrant Mastectomy, Study Says MONDAY, Oct. 19, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A combination of breast conservation surgery and radiation is as effective as breast removal for some women with large, localized invasive breast tumors, a new study contends. Breast-conserving lumpectomy is usually limited to women with small tumors, the researchers said. "For decades, breast cancers have been felt to be amenable to lumpectomy with radiation only if the tumors were 5 centimeters [nearly...
Nerve Disorder in Horses May Offer Clues to Alzheimer's FRIDAY, Oct. 16, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Some signs of a rare nerve disorder in horses are similar to those in people with Alzheimer's disease and other brain disorders, a new study shows. The deadly disease in horses -- called equine grass sickness -- could offer clues about the human conditions, according to the researchers at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. "This is the first study to show similarities between an apparently unrelated n...
New Clues to How Gene Affects Women's Body Shape, Diabetes Risk SATURDAY, Oct. 10, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Studies have shown that women with larger hips tend to have a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, and now scientists are getting a clearer picture of the genetics behind it all. Recent research has shown that a variant in a gene called KLF14 is associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It also seems to be a master regulator of how and where a woman's body stores fat: Women with one partic...
New MS Drug Yields Mixed Results in Study WEDNESDAY, Oct. 7, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Multiple sclerosis patients taking a new drug experienced fewer relapse rates but more side effects than patients receiving a standard MS therapy, new research indicates. In a trial comparing two sets of more than 900 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, scientists found that those taking the drug daclizumab HYP had a 45 percent lower relapse rate than those taking interferon beta-1a. But patients on t...
New Antibiotic-Resistant 'Superbug' an Emerging Threat, CDC Says MONDAY, Oct. 5, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A relatively new antibiotic-resistant bacteria called CRE is making inroads in some major American cities, U.S. health officials report. Surveillance of seven U.S. metropolitan areas found higher-than-expected levels of CRE in Atlanta, Baltimore and New York City, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lower-than-expected levels were found in Albuquerque, Denver and Portla...
News Coverage of Angelina Jolie's Breast Surgery Boosted Awareness of Options MONDAY, Sept. 28, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Media coverage of actress Angelina Jolie's breast removal and reconstruction improved awareness about breast reconstruction, a new study suggests. Jolie had both of her breasts removed in 2013 because she has a gene mutation that increased her risk for breast cancer, and then she underwent breast reconstruction surgery. Researchers conducted online surveys with 1,000 women before and ...
New Drug May Boost Survival a Bit for Some With Advanced Lung Cancer SUNDAY, Sept. 27, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A new study finds that the cancer drug nivolumab (Opdivo) extends the lives of some patients with advanced lung cancer for several months. In a head-to-head comparison, patients treated with nivolumab lived an average of 12.2 months, while patients treated with the chemotherapy drug docetaxel lived an average of 9.4 months, the researchers reported. "It looks like we have a new treatment optio...
New Immune-Focused Drug Shows Promise Against Advanced Kidney Cancer FRIDAY, Sept. 25, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A new drug that harnesses the power of the immune system to fight tumors appears to help people battling advanced kidney cancer, a new study finds. The drug, Opdivo (nivolumab), outperformed a standard chemotherapy, Afinitor (everolimus), in terms of shrinking tumors and boosting patient survival, the study found. The study was funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb, which makes Opdivo. It was to be p...
Newborn Metabolic Screening Most babies look healthy and perfect when they are born – just ask their parents. But because some potential problems aren't readily seen, all newborns are tested for certain conditions, including metabolic disorders. A metabolic disorder is one that gets in the way of how the body breaks down food or absorbs nutrients. Left untreated, some of these disorders could affect a baby's development. They can cause organ damage or even death. By screening for these disorders at birt...
Neurological Complications of HIV HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV weakens and slowly destroys the body’s immune system, leaving you vulnerable to life-threatening complications from an infection or the flu. As HIV and AIDS battle your immune system, your central nervous system is also affected. HIV and AIDS both cause a number of neurological complications, particularly if HIV goes or progresses to AIDS. Today, antiretroviral medications—when taken correctly and promptly—help to slow down the pro...
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver disease means that you have fat deposits inside your liver. These deposits may keep your liver from doing a good job of removing toxins from your blood. People who drink too much alcohol may also have fat in their liver. But that’s not the same as fatty liver disease. Types of fatty liver disease Health care providers divide fatty liver disease into 2 types. If you just have fat but no damage to your liver, the disease is called nonalcoholic fatty liver disea...
Nerve Blocks Nerve blocks, or neural blockades, are procedures that can help prevent or manage many different types of pain. They are often injections of medicines that block pain from specific nerves. They can be used for pain relief as well as total loss of feeling if needed for surgery. Perhaps the best-known nerve block is an epidural. Many pregnant women ask for an epidural during childbirth to ease the pain of labor and delivery. In an epidural, doctors inject an anesthetic drug into the space jus...
Nitroglycerin Topical ointment What is this medicine? NITROGLYCERIN (nye troe GLI ser in) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent chest pain caused by angina. It should not be used for immediate relief during an angina attack. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for external use only. Do not take by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Use exactly as directed. Use one of the...
Nitroglycerin Transdermal patch - 24 hour What is this medicine? NITROGLYCERIN (nye troe GLI ser in) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent chest pain caused by angina. It will not help to stop an episode of chest pain. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is for external use only. Follow the directions on the prescription label. One patch contains a full day's supply of medicine. It is usually w...
Nitroglycerin Sublingual/Translingual spray What is this medicine? NITROGLYCERIN (nye troe GLI ser in) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to prevent or relieve chest pain caused by angina. How should I use this medicine? This medicine is only for use in the mouth. Use at the first sign of an attack. You can also use this medicine 5 to 10 minutes before an event likely to produce chest pain. Follow the directions...
Nitroglycerin Sublingual tablet What is this medicine? NITROGLYCERIN (nye troe GLI ser in) is a type of vasodilator. It relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to your heart. This medicine is used to relieve chest pain caused by angina. It is also used to prevent chest pain before activities like climbing stairs, going outdoors in cold weather, or sexual activity. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth as needed. At the first sign of an angina attack (chest pai...
Nicotine Polacrilex Oral lozenge What is this medicine? NICOTINE (NIK oh teen) helps people stop smoking. The lozenges replace the nicotine found in cigarettes and help to decrease withdrawal effects. It is most effective when used in combination with a stop-smoking program. How should I use this medicine? Place the lozenge in the mouth. Suck on the lozenge until it is completely dissolved. Do not swallow the lozenge. Follow the directions carefully that come with the lozenge. Use exactly as directed. D...
Nicotine Polacrilex Chewing-gum, medicated What is this medicine? NICOTINE (NIK oh teen) helps people stop smoking. This medicine replaces the nicotine found in cigarettes and helps to decrease withdrawal effects. It is most effective when used in combination with a stop-smoking program. How should I use this medicine? Chew but do not swallow the gum. Follow the directions that come with the chewing gum. Use exactly as directed. When you feel an urgent desire for a cigarette, chew one piece of gum slowl...
Nimodipine Oral capsule, liquid filled What is this medicine? NIMODIPINE (nye MOE di peen) is a calcium-channel blocker. This medicine is used to treat subarachnoid hemorrhage. This is a condition in which there is bleeding into the space around the brain that causes severe headaches and stiff neck. How should I use this medicine? Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. It is best to take this medicine at least one hour before or two hours afte...
Newborn Multiples Care of multiple birth babies Often, multiples are born small and early. They may be initially cared for in a special care nursery called the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In the NICU The NICU combines advanced technology and trained health care professionals to provide specialized care for the tiniest patients. NICUs may also have intermediate or continuing care areas for babies who are not as sick but do need specialized nursing care. Some hospitals do not have the personnel o...
Nutrition and Renal Failure The kidneys are responsible for many functions in the body. They help control the body's fluid and electrolyte (mineral) balance and also help the body remove waste products (products that the body cannot use). When the kidneys are not functioning properly, these waste products can build up in the body and make your child feel sick. This can cause your child to have a poor appetite, which can contribute to poor growth and development. The goal of the diet for children with re...
Neurogenic Bladder in Children What is a neurogenic bladder? Neurogenic bladder may also be called neuropathic bladder. Normally, the muscles and nerves of the urinary system work together to hold urine in the bladder and then release it at the appropriate time. Nerves carry messages from the bladder to the brain and from the brain to the muscles of the bladder telling them either to tighten or release. In a neurogenic bladder, the nerves that are supposed to carry these messages do not work properly, e...
Nutrition and Nephrotic Syndrome Nutritional requirements for a child with nephrotic syndrome Children with nephrotic syndrome may have trouble regulating their body's water balance. This can cause fluid retention (also known as edema). The diet for a child with nephrotic syndrome may include a sodium and fluid restriction. These restrictions in the diet may help to regulate your child's fluid balance. Any food that is liquid at room temperature counts as a fluid. This includes the following: Milk, wate...
Nephrotic Syndrome in Children What is nephrotic syndrome? A child with nephrotic syndrome may have the following characteristics that result from changes that occur to the small, functional structures in the kidneys: Very high levels of protein in the urine Low levels of protein in the blood due to its loss in the urine Tissue swelling all over the body (edema), especially in the abdomen (ascites) High cholesterol levels in the blood Decrease in frequency of urination Weight gain from excess fluid What...
Nutritional Requirements for a Child With Cancer The importance of good nutrition Good nutrition is very important for children being treated for cancer. Children with cancer often have poor appetites due to one, or more, of the following: The hospital environment Side effects of chemotherapy or radiation Depression Pain when eating Changes in the way food tastes Side effects from medicines Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Poor nutrition contributes to poor growth. If a child with cancer gets good nutriti...
Neuroblastoma What is neuroblastoma? Neuroblastoma is a cancerous tumor that begins in nerve tissue of infants and very young children. The abnormal cells are often found in the nerve tissue that is present in the unborn baby and later develops into a detectable tumor. Neuroblastoma is rare in children older than 10 years of age, however, it does occur occasionally in adults. The tumor usually begins in the tissues of the adrenal gland found in the abdomen, but may also begin in nerve tissue in the neck...
Newborn Immunizations Childhood diseases in the United States are near an all-time low. Government experts say this is because of vaccinations. But some viruses and bacteria are still around and can cause serious illness. This is why all children, especially infants and young children, get the recommended shots on schedule. Many diseases that are controlled by vaccinations in the US are not controlled in other countries. Travelers sometimes bring those diseases to the U.S. This causes children here to b...
Newborn Appearance What does a newborn look like? Parents often dream of what their new baby may look like, thinking about a pink, round, chubby-cheeked and gurgling wonder. It may be surprising for many parents to see their newborn the first time—wet and red, with a long head, and screaming—nothing at all like they had imagined. Newborns have many variations in normal appearance—from color to the shape of the head. Some of these differences are just temporary, part of the physical adjustments a baby go...
Newborn Warning Signs What warning signs may indicate a problem with a newborn? Your newborn baby is going through many changes in getting used to life in the outside world. Almost always this adjustment goes well, however there are certain warning signs you should watch for. Some general warning signs with newborns include: Not urinating (It may be hard to tell, especially with disposable diapers) No bowel movement for 48 hours A rectal temperature over 100.4° F (38° C) or less than 97.5° F (36.5° C) B...
Newborn Measurements Assessing a newborn's weight A baby's birthweight is an important indicator of health. The average weight for full-term babies (born between 37 and 41 weeks gestation) is about 7 lbs (3.2 kg). In general, small babies and very large babies are more likely to have problems. Newborn babies may lose as much as 10% of their birthweight. This means that a baby weighing 7 pounds 3 ounces at birth might lose as much as 10 ounces in the first few days. Your newborn will be weighed in the ho...
Newborn Health Assessment Assessing the health of a newborn is very important for detecting any problems in their earliest, most treatable, stages. Listed in the directory below you will find information regarding several newborn health assessments, for which we have provided a brief overview. Measurements Physical Examination Gestational Assessment Newborn Warning Signs
Newborn Crying What are the crying patterns of a newborn? The first cries of a newborn baby are often music to the ears of parents. However, over the next weeks and months, this "music" can become grating and painful. This is especially true when all attempts fail to stop the crying. Surprisingly, crying does not produce tears until after the first month or two. Crying is the way babies communicate. Babies cry because of hunger, discomfort, frustration, fatigue, and even loneliness. Sometimes, cries can...
Newborn-Sleep Patterns What are the sleep patterns of a newborn? The average newborn sleeps much of the day and night, waking only for feedings every few hours. It is often hard for new parents to know how long and how often a newborn should sleep. Unfortunately, there is no set schedule at first and many newborns have their days and nights confused. They think they are supposed to be awake at night and sleep during the day. Generally, newborns sleep about 8 to 9 hours in the daytime and about 8 hours a...
Newborn Senses The senses of a newborn Babies are born with all of the senses — sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. Some of the senses are not fully developed. The newborn's senses are as follows: Sight Over the first few months, babies may have uncoordinated eye movements and may even appear cross-eyed. Babies are born with the ability to focus only at close range — about 8 to 10 inches or the distance between a mother's face to the baby in her arms. Babies are able to follow or track an object in...
Newborn Reflexes The Moro reflex causes the baby to cry, throw back his or her head, and then pull his or her limbs into the body. The tonic reflex is often called the "fencing" reflex because of the position of the hands. What reflexes should be present in a newborn? Reflexes are involuntary movements or actions. Some movements are spontaneous, occurring as part of the baby's usual activity. Others are responses to certain actions. Health care providers check reflexes to determine if the brain and nerv...
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